Citicoline (CDP-choline) is a naturally occurring compound that serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, a major component of cell membranes, and plays a role in the production of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Research suggests that citicoline supplementation may support cognitive function, particularly memory and attention, with studies in older adults showing improvements in verbal memory and cognitive performance over time. Studies also indicate potential neuroprotective properties, as citicoline has been investigated for its role in supporting brain health following ischemic events and in age-related cognitive decline. Additionally, emerging research points to possible benefits for eye health, particularly in supporting retinal nerve function. The branded form Cognizin has been the subject of several clinical trials exploring its effects on focus, mental energy, and attention in healthy adults.
Compare this supplementResearch suggests that citicoline may support memory function, particularly in older adults experiencing age-related ...
View studies →Research suggests that citicoline may support cognitive function and neurological recovery, with one randomized, plac...
View studies →Research suggests that citicoline may exert neuroprotective effects through several distinct biological mechanisms, w...
View studies →These are commonly referenced dosage ranges for this supplement. They are not medical recommendations. Always consult a healthcare provider before supplementing.
| Form | Dose range | Frequency | Studied for | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capsule | 500 mg | Daily | Eye health and glaucoma-related neuroprotection | Used in optic nerve and retinal ganglion cell studies, including Parisi et al. |
| Capsule | 250 mg | Daily | Focus, attention, and general cognitive support in healthy adults | Used in McGill University and Northeastern University trials on healthy adults |
| Liquid | 1,000–2,000 mg | Daily | Acute stroke risk reduction and ischemic brain injury | IV and oral doses used in acute stroke clinical trials; Dávalos et al. and related research |
| Tablet | 250–500 mg | Twice daily | Cognitive function and memory enhancement in age-related decline | Common in clinical trials; e.g., Alvarez et al. and multiple European RCTs |
| Tablet | 500–1,000 mg | Daily | Stroke recovery and neuroprotection | Used in stroke rehabilitation trials including the ICTUS trial and Cochrane-reviewed studies |